How to step by step in detail install ssh on cachyos

 how to step by step in detail install ssh on cachyos

To install and enable SSH on CachyOS, follow these detailed steps:

1. Install OpenSSH:

• Open a terminal window.
• Use the pacman package manager to install the OpenSSH package:
  bash

  sudo pacman -S openssh
  

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This command will download and install the necessary SSH server components. 

2. Enable and Start the SSH Daemon (sshd):

• Start the sshd service (the SSH daemon):
  bash

  sudo systemctl start sshd
  

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This command will launch the SSH server, making it available to accept incoming connections.

Enable the sshd service to start automatically on boot:

bash

sudo systemctl enable sshd

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This ensures that SSH will be available after each system restart. 

3. (Optional) Configure the SSH Server:

• The SSH server's behavior is configured through the /etc/ssh/sshd_config file.
• Important: It's highly recommended to create a backup of the original configuration file before making any changes:
  bash

  sudo cp /etc/ssh/sshd_config /etc/ssh/sshd_config.bak
  

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Open the configuration file using a text editor (e.g., nano or vim):

bash

sudo nano /etc/ssh/sshd_config

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Basic Configuration Options (Uncomment and/or modify as needed):

• Port 22: This line specifies the port SSH will listen on (default is 22). You can change this to a different port for security purposes, though this is not strictly required for local network use. If you change it, remember to also open the corresponding port in your firewall.
• PermitRootLogin: This line determines whether root login via SSH is allowed. For security reasons, it's generally recommended to disable root login and instead use a regular user account with sudo privileges. Consider changing it to: PermitRootLogin no.
• PasswordAuthentication: This controls password-based authentication. For improved security, you should consider disabling password authentication and using key-based authentication instead. Change it to: PasswordAuthentication no after you have confirmed that key-based authentication works.
• PubkeyAuthentication: Ensure that this line is set to yes to enable key-based authentication.
• AllowUsers: Use this option to restrict SSH access to specific users (e.g., AllowUsers user1 user2).

Save the changes and exit the editor.

Restart the sshd service for the changes to take effect:

bash

sudo systemctl restart sshd

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4. (Optional) Configure the Firewall:

• If you have a firewall enabled (e.g., ufw or nftables), you'll need to allow SSH traffic through it.
• For ufw:
  bash

  sudo ufw allow ssh
  

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or, if you've changed the port:

bash

sudo ufw allow <your_ssh_port>/tcp

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For nftables, you'll need to add a rule similar to this in your /etc/nftables.conf:

tcp dport <your_ssh_port> accept

 

5. Test the SSH Connection:

• From another computer on your network, attempt to connect to your CachyOS machine using the following command:
  bash

  ssh <username>@<your_cachyos_ip_address>
  

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Replace <username> with a valid user on your CachyOS system and <your_cachyos_ip_address> with the IP address of the CachyOS machine.

If you have password authentication enabled, you will be prompted for the user's password.

If you have key-based authentication set up, you should be able to connect without being prompted for a password. 

Important Security Notes:

• Disable root login: For security, disable direct root login over SSH by setting PermitRootLogin no in /etc/ssh/sshd_config.
• Use key-based authentication: Key-based authentication is significantly more secure than password-based authentication.
• Consider changing the default SSH port: Changing the default port from 22 can reduce the number of automated brute-force login attempts.
• Keep your system and OpenSSH up to date: Regularly update your system to ensure you have the latest security patches. 

By following these steps, you should have a functional and reasonably secure SSH server set up on your CachyOS system.